Sickle cell anemia

     Factors causing previous crisis.  The patient is asked to identify factors that precipitated previous crisis and measures the patient uses to prevent and manage the crisis Pain levels.  Pain levels should always be monitored using a pain intensity scale. Characteristics of pain.  The quality, frequency, and factors that aggravate or alleviate the pain are included in the  assessment . Infection.  Because patients with sickle cell anemia are susceptible to infections, they are assessed for the presence of any infectious process.

Stroke in the brain A stroke is a vaso-occlusive event that occurs when blood flow to the brain becomes blocked by sickled red blood cells, preventing the brain from getting the oxygen it needs to function; 1 out of 4 adults with sickle cell (25%) will experience a stroke by the age of 45. Acute chest syndrome (ACS) CS is a vaso-occlusive event that occurs when not enough oxygen can get to the lungs when the blood vessels of the lungs become blocked by sickled red blood cells. If a person with sickle cell has a drop in oxygen levels, a cough, or difficulty breathing—particularly with a fever—they should be checked for this complication. ACS severity increases with age, and more than 10% of adult cases either cause death or are complicated by neurological events and organ failure. ACS can or will affect approximately 30% of people living with sickle cell. Liver complications (hepatic sequestration) Liver complications occur when sickled red blood cells become trapped and preven...

  References :Payne AB, Adamkiewicz TV, Grosse SD, Steffens A, Shay DK, Reed C, Schieve LA. Pediatr Blood Cancer Payne AB, Schieve LA, Abe K, Hulihan M, Hooper WC, Hsu LL Kavanagh PL, Fasipe TA, Wun T. JAMA .